Get the latest science news and technology news, read tech reviews and more at ABC News.Texarkana, Texas and Arkansas newspaper. Includes news, sports, opinion, and local information. The important people in your life are very likely to have been people you’ve met before, your past life friends. My cat, Artemis, is a bustling career woman. She has many jobs that she juggles between stealing my hair ties and spilling her kibble; in addition to serving as the. Ways to Identify Past Life Friends, Lovers, & Enemies - November 2. Lianne Downey. By: Lianne Downey. Author of: Speed Your Evolution: Become the Star Being You Are Meant to Be. Tempers flared, decibels rose. You agreed to pay 2. I insisted. “But you use more electricity during the day than I do!” my roommate shouted back, this sweet- looking, perfectly- put- together woman who never showed this side of herself in public. We’d been at this angry impasse for days. Finally, a thought came to me and I spat: “You know, if we don’t work this out now, we’ll have to come back as a man and woman, get married, and share a checkbook!”At that point, the thought of marrying the other person was so abhorrent to us both that it worked like a splash of cold water. It didn’t hurt that we’d met in a past- life therapy class: we knew it could be true! After a stunned moment, we both broke out laughing. What didn’t occur to me until long after she moved out and I went off to marry a really nice guy was that we’d probably already done the marriage routine, and left an imbalance we had to work out in our present lifetime, fighting over that stupid electric bill. Thankfully, we accomplished it, with laughter to shift the energy of the past and knowledge to pave the way. If you’ve already read my article on Zazen. Life: The Psychic Anatomy Concept of Life, then you know that nothing is lost in your personal universe. Everything you’ve done, said, thought, or felt remains with you, from life to life, as you experience your sequential incarnations. It’s not all active at the same time, however. Often things come around and go around and come back again according to circumstantial triggers in your life, and a few other cyclic, cosmic factors you’re not privy to. But one thing you can count on: The important people in your life are very likely to have been people you’ve met before. How can you tell? First, you have to stop and consider it. That’s probably the hardest step. Once you realize this truth about your interactions with others, you’ll see it everywhere: former lovers, friends, enemies, family members. For a time, you might overdo it, imagining past- life connections that didn’t really happen. But some connections—the valid ones—ultimately prove themselves over and over again, if you pay attention. Here are 1. 2 ways to identify the hints of history that have drawn you back into each other’s orbits, for better or for worse. But always, with the opportunity to improve your relationship so that the next time you meet, things will be even better (especially in the case of former enemies)! And it’s likely you will meet again if you’ve got work left to do together. The principles of interdimensional science and your own personal design may mandate it. So it’s wise to do your best with each other now. We’ll start with the easiest ways to recognize an old compatriot, your past life friends, lovers, and enemies: 1. Instant rapport. You start talking and you can’t stop, but nicest of all, the other person gets it, and gets you. You fall into conversation like you’ve picked up a back- and- forth exchange you left off, oh, maybe centuries ago! And if it’s a balanced give- and- take, with shared goals and mutual respect, count yourselves fortunate and never let go.)2. Instant dislike. You’ve tried to appreciate this person for their good qualities, but something just bugs you and you can’t shake it. And you might not even be able to define why. You may have no good, solid reason in the present life, other than a deep nagging “instinct.” (Which is another name for memory, in this case.) Check out my article 1. Ways to Distinguish Angelic Influences From The Demons in Your Head for further info. Butterflies. Your stomach won’t settle when you’re around this person. This might even be a love- relationship in the present, but an underlying stress won’t allow you to relax. You’re always on edge, maybe trying too hard to please, maybe unconsciously awaiting some bad turn of events. You might be “happy” in the externals, but those butterflies linger. Longevity. You’ve known this person (or family member) your whole life. In view of this list, take a closer look at them. Shared tastes. Where do your lines of compatibility cross? Do you share a passion for ____? Both love the same foreign language, food, or culture? Enjoy a similar sport, art, hobby, pastime? Have you done this together before? Ease of partnership. Do you work well together, like smoothly oiled gears? Finish each other’s sentences? Accomplish more together than separately? This is a very valuable “polarity,” developed over many lives of practice. Cherish it, no matter how briefly (work partners) or long (friend or family) it may last. Unquenchable anger directed toward you. Nothing ever seems agreeable to you both; you can never make them happy; they seem to you to act as if you owe them something. You fight a lot over these things. You sort things out—and it happens again. It might be that certain specific things act as a trigger. If you can figure out what they are, you might be able to identify the past- life situation, which will help you move on, or resolve it in the present. Guilt. You’re always tipping the balance toward giving more than you get in return. Which is certainly a good thing now and then, but every time, with the same individual, signifies something unseen at work.) You feel you owe them, but this is probably not in your conscious awareness. You are always looking out for them, taking the extra step, doing more, overcompensating for something invisible in your present life, but still alive deep in your history. They might be a child, friend, parent, sibling, spouse, or coworker in the present life. You’ve drawn yourselves back together to work this out. Knowing that should help the balance slowly (or rapidly) shift. It’s entirely up to you. Only you can forgive yourself and until you do, their feelings won’t change your deep guilt. This, by the way, is a very common bond between people: guilt and resentment. We often say that if you’ve killed someone on a battlefield, you’ve just married them. Nothing is lost or forgotten in the Infinite scheme of energy- life. This doesn’t mean you have to come back and let them kill you! That’s an old misconception about reincarnation which would not rectify anything, only perpetuate the seesaw. You each will find your way to resolve this problem when ready. Fear. Your memory may not be at the conscious level, but you know something. Respect it. Past- life events, if not recognized and resolved, often repeat. Circumstances may vary slightly, but results may be the same. Learn all you can. If your gut tells you to run, do it, even if your fear seems wildly unreasonable in the present lifetime. Yes, fear can be resolved with past- life knowledge, but fear is also a safety mechanism to be deeply respected with regard to other individuals. Take it seriously. But if truly unwarranted in the present life, you’ll at least know where it came from and can take steps to rectify this situation through your studies of past- life therapy. Be cautious and trust your feelings. Inappropriate sexual attraction. We very often trade roles in subsequent lives in order to learn and grow. Someone who was once a lover might now be a family member, or married to another, or of inappropriate age. The variations are endless, the complications serious. The fact that society doesn’t recognize the influence of past lives doesn’t help matters. Knowing the feelings come from other relationships in other lifetimes definitely helps to quell and “put out of phase” these impulses, before you put one another into a situation you’ll regret. Recognition in the conscious awareness, “I knew this person before and we were intimate,” can immediately change the energetic bias or feeling. Even if it’s too late, this knowledge will help you sort out the damage more quickly and get back on the track you intended for your present lifetime. Self- forgiveness, self- understanding, self- awareness—these are keys you’ll want to have. Gender irrelevance. Two souls who’ve loved one another for many lives, in a variety of roles, may meet again during their alternate gender expressions. They will choose what type of expression they share in the present, whether as friends, lovers, family, partners of any kind. Some gay relationships are based on lifetimes of shared experience, and since we all experience both genders over our many lives, gender can seem unimportant. The Cassini Team Reflects on How it Feels to Say Goodbye to Their Spacecraft. Yesterday morning, NASA’s Cassini spacecraft slammed into the day side of Saturn, the brief flash of its vaporization marking the end of a 1. But it took people to turn this hunk of aluminum and silicon into an extension of our curiosity. For the past three days, I’ve chatted with engineers and scientists at the wooden tables dotting Jet Propulsion Laboratory’s pedestrian mall, and in the sage- scented gardens surrounding Caltech. These are the people behind Cassini’s mission, who shepherded the spacecraft from concept to completion. They are the collective heart, brains and soul that transform its measurements into data. From twenty- seven- year mission veterans to new hires in the past few months, they all shared complex reactions of pride, exhaustion, and sadness when faced with Cassini’s Grand Finale.“I’m wondering if my muse is disappearing,” Jonathan Lunine tells me as a documentary crew charges past us in the courtyard. He’s the interdisciplinary scientist coordinating the exploration of Titan, Saturn’s largest moon. Cassini will always be the touchstone for my career.” Shaking off his morose reflectiveness, he finds a silver lining to share. I’m looking forward to spending more time engaged with the data than planning.”Days before Cassini’s final plunge, I asked David Doody, who supervises real time operations, how he was feeling. Dread,” he told me with with a laugh.“This fine mission is ending, sailing off into the unknown.”Doody supervises realtime operations “where the rubber meets the road”—the human traffic directors for Cassini’s incoming data that shunt ones and zeros to their appropriate stations. He started working on Cassini in 1. But he won’t be resting long now the mission is over: “I’ve got documentation to do.”Trina Rey is another long- time Cassini veteran who joined the team overnight in 1. I’ve been calling into operations status meetings for twenty years,” she tells me. The last meeting is on Tuesday.” The handkerchief she used to dab her eyes is Cassini- purple, perfectly coordinated with her official mission shirt.“Every month or so, Cassini sends me this little burst of data. Here Trina, here’s something you might not know..’,” she teases before sobering. It’s going to take a while to get used to not having that.”When I ask Cassini flight controller Joan Stupik how she is feeling, she turns it around on me. I’m used to seeing how [Cassini] is feeling every day.” New to the mission, she was delighted to share excitement when scientists couldn’t wait to share images of Saturn’s wonky shepherd moons. For her, Friday morning was a bittersweet vigil, participating in the color commentary of Cassini’s final moments.“I think I’m still in denial,” Carl Murray confides during a lunch break as across the solar system Cassini makes its final photographic tour of the Saturn system on Thursday. We still have images coming down. We have a functional spacecraft. What could possibly go wrong?”Murray applied to join Cassini at the start of the mission using astrometry to explore images by exposing them until objects are backdropped by starry skies. That’s how he found Peggy, a glitch in Saturn’s outer ring that’s yet to be fully explained. Cassini has answered questions,” he tells me. But like any good mission should, it has produced so many more questions that need to be answered.” A hint of a smile emerges as he contemplates the mysteries yet to be solved. Maybe Monday is Day One of [answering them].”“Cassini has answered questions. But like any good mission should, it has produced so many more questions that need to be answered.”After Cassini vaporizes in Saturn’s storms, its final radio signal lost forever, the uncertain mood shifts and solidifies. A moment of sadness, intensity of emotion overwhelming even those who thought themselves immune, then applause and finally celebration takes hold.“How are you?” I ask Andrew Ingersoll, an atmospheric scientist with the team. I’m very lucky to have been a part of this mission, and to have been alive in the Space Age,” he immediately responds. I soon learn of his career from Pioneer through Voyager to twenty- seven years working with Cassini, and how very excited he is to see how this deep- space craft fared at collecting an atmospheric sample for him to analyze. Hydrogen and helium float up to the surface of Saturn,” he explains. Anything that isn’t hydrogen or helium has to be ring rain coming down from above!”I cross the auditorium to eavesdrop on John Casani, Cassini’s pre- launch project manager, and Charles Elachi, former director of overseeing operations at JPL and Cassini’s radar lead. How are you feeling?” I ask in my now- habitual refrain. I feel great!” Casani declares. The spacecraft went out the way I hope to go out in my life: quickly!”“And doing science to the end,” Elachi teases.“For me it was just a piece of aluminum and silicon,” Casani says. It’s just parts until engineers do something with it.” For all his pragmatism, he lights up when describing his favorite discoveries. Enceladus,” he declares without hesitation. In its first year around Saturn, Cassini discovered that this icy moon harbored not only a liquid ocean water below its icy crust, but that it had geysers spewing that water into space.“There’s a little, tiny rock in space venting water. It’s incredible.” Elachi holds himself back from interjecting, trying to wait his turn to be interviewed.“In my book, this is one of the greatest science missions this country has ever undertaken,” Elachi tells me. His top discovery is the lakes and seas of Titan. Titan is like Earth, but the weather is all with liquid natural gas.”I wander the auditorium, talking to any purple- shirted mission team member I can find. Chuck Kirby spent nineteen years of his thirty- year career on Cassini. It’s bittersweet,” he tells me. But he’s excited about training for his new mission, NASA’s SMAP satellite monitoring soil moisture. I’d like to spend the rest of my career fighting climate change.”I spot one scientist in an orange shirt, yet bearing the same Cassini logo. Kareem Badaruddin is a tester for Cassini’s brain, dedicated to finding problems to fix before they emerged in the field. How are you?” I ask. Tired,” he says, but the longer we talk the more details emerge. He remembers coming to this same auditorium nearly twenty years ago to watch Cassini launch. His wife was very pregnant with their first child, and unimpressed when a hardware failure forced a launch scrub. They returned to bear witness as Cassini broke free of Earth’s bonds on October 1. My son and Cassini came to adulthood together,” he tells me. We got to Saturn when he was in first grade, discovered geysers on Enceladus when he was in second grade.”“In my book, this is one of the greatest science missions this country has ever undertaken”Our early- morning gathering is an echo of an earlier time for Badaruddin. Cassini launched without an orbital insertion algorithm, the ability to use its reaction wheels, or the capacity to deploy the Huygen’s probe. For the six years and eight months the spacecraft flew past Earth, Venus, and Jupiter while cruising to Saturn, Badaruddin walked to JPL at 3: 3. Saturn. “It’s dark and cold,” he tells me of early morning walks both past and present. I saw three skunks this morning. I only saw one during all my walks before.”Family members are here, too, reminders that the unrelenting demands of orbital dynamics stretch beyond awkward 3am press events to witness the spacecraft’s demise. Rosina Maize is proud of her husband Earl’s accomplishments as Cassini’s program manager. But she’s also written the mission timeline on her household calendar for years, turning down social plans for flybys and critical trajectory corrections.“I can be alone on Christmas or invite all these European scientists to our home,” she says, recalling the timing of Cassini releasing its European Space Agency- led Huygens probe on December 2. In the aftermath of the Grand Finale, the Maizes will be adding a personal note to their celebration. Yesterday was our anniversary,” she confides.
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Hi Scott, I have a cedar chest I got from my mom. I want to strip it down and finish it with the natural color. But upon inspection.I noticed a few places of some.
Edifier Exclaim e. Review & Rating. There are few options for under- $1. PC speakers that deliver anything other than subpar audio quality, but Edifier has managed to make a sharp- looking, sharp- sounding system with the e. At $9. 9. 9. 9 (direct), the 2- channel Exclaim e. Deep bass tracks at maximum volume eventually will distort the e. If you're looking for a huge bass sound, the e. Edifier has made a solid, interesting- looking speaker pair that outperforms most in this price range, earning it our Editors' Choice. Design. How to describe the e. A robotic snail, perhaps? I happen to like the look of the 1. The metallic columns that each house two 1. There are few controls on the system—just Power and Volume buttons on the left- hand panel of the right speaker. The two speakers connect to each other via an included cable, and to your computer via a 3. The right speaker's back panel is also where the connection for the included power adapter is located. There is no remote control, which is a bit of a bummer. One great thing about the design is how ideal it is for desktop listening. A common problem with PC speakers is that they lack the height to properly align the tweeters delivering high frequencies with the listener's ears. Our ears sense the direction and point of origin of high frequencies, and if they aren't aimed more or less at our noggins, it can throw off the whole mix. The e. 10 implements the solution that better PC speakers utilize—angling the speakers upwards slightly, and then takes it one step further by making the speakers taller. I've only tested a handful of PC speakers that truly line up with the ears properly—the Focal XS and Harman Kardon Sound. Sticks III are both good examples here, but the more affordable Edifier e. Friday, March 13, 2015 DynoTech: Axys 800HO troubleshooting. Homing in on a few issues--primarily lack of HP on some engines. My cousin-in-law Bill Rogers had that. As for those black bases the metallic towers sit on, each houses a 3- inch low frequency driver and a passive radiator, which helps add a little extra bass presence. Angling them sideways ensures that the metallic speaker column doesn't block their sound path, and since our ears are very poor at discerning the directionality of lower frequencies, it doesn't matter that they are side- firing. Performance. My expectations for $1. The Edifier e. 10, however, is impressive. While it's no masterpiece, it delivers crisp, clear, engaging audio, and can get quite loud. On deep bass tracks, like the Knife's "Silent Shout," the e. Even then, the distortion is minimal—I've heard far more expensive speakers crumble on this same track. Being able to blast speakers on deep bass tracks is a reasonable test of the quality of the drivers, but at more moderate volumes, we get a better sense of the e. On "Silent Shout," at roughly mid- level volume, the e. The best quality of the e. On classic rock tracks like the Rolling Stones' "Rocks Off," the guitars and snare have a nice crackle and the raspy attack of Mick's vocals are captured perfectly. On a more modern mix with more bass presence, like Radiohead's "Staircase," the mids and highs still take center stage, with the high percussion and guitar picking grabbing the spotlight, while the bass line that mimics the guitar part fills things out nicely. On bass- heavy speakers, this song can sound particularly dense or muddy, but on the e. On Jay- Z and Kanye West's "No Church in the Wild," the attack of the kick drum loop is fierce, while the sub- bass synth part underneath it lacks the push it has on systems with heavier low- end. The e. 10 will never be mistaken for a system with a subwoofer, but its delivery of hip- hop and dance tracks isn't anemic, it's just more low- mid- focused (rather than sub- bass- focused) than a system with a subwoofer might be. Classical tracks like John Adams' "The Chairman Dances" follow the above trends even more drastically—the lower register strings and percussion lack the depth and roundness that a more substantial bass presence would bring to the equation. Higher frequency content, like wooden percussion or high register strings, also sounds quite bright. I happen to think this sounds excellent, but can see how some listeners might find the e. For $1. 00, however, it's hard to say anything bad about the e. The design is user- friendly, mix- friendly, and the speakers pack an unexpected punch in this price range. Of course, if you can afford to spend a little more on the aforementioned Harman Kardon Sound. Sticks III, you get a subwoofer with adjustable bass level, and another eye- catching design. If neither of these designs is for you and you want a more traditional- looking speaker set for your PC, Audioengine 2 provides this, as well as a similar frequency response with pleasant, but not exaggerated, bass response. Edifier's own Prisma e. BT 2. 1 Bluetooth Audio System, another budget- friendly PC speaker set, offers wireless audio and some decent bass response, but the system has some design limitations and costs a bit more than the e. If $1. 00 is your limit, it's hard to argue against the Edifier Exclaim e. Even if it does distort a bit on some content when pumped up to max volume, it otherwise exceeds expectations, and thus earns our Editors' Choice for budget PC speakers. More Speaker reviews: • Bose Sound. Touch 3. 00• JBL Pulse 3• Eufy Genie• Samsung HW- MS7. Sound+• LG SJ7• more. Old Posts From The Toilet: Page 1. Melinda. Hey everyone I have never posted here but am a long time lurker. I will tell you a little about myself. I am 2. 2 yr old female and grew up in a small apartment with 9 brothers and sisters. There were only two bathrooms in my house and we were not allowed to go certain hours at school. Which resulted in me or my brothers or sisters wetting them selves. I have many stories and I will share them with you if you want me to. Diane. This might be a good place to pose this question. I was trying to find some information on kids not flushing the toilet and found this site. My daughter and her best friend Tammy are both 1. Tammy will eat with us as well. Neither Jill or Tammy are shy about using the bathroom. However, on several occassions I have gone into the bathroom, lifted up the cover of the toilet and found a "present" awaiting me (that is, an unflushed bowel movement). I have asked Jill about this and she says that Tammy usually doesn't flush and she also mentioned that a lot of the girls at school don't flush either. I didn't bring this up again, to either of them, but I recently noticed that even my daugther is getting into the habit of not flushing. This is a little disturbing because it is somewhat unsightly and I really have no interest in seeing what my daugther or her friend have made while they were on the toilet. My daughter at least covers her business up partly with toilet paper, although Tammy puts the toilet paper off to the side so that her entire bowel movement is visible. I don't know if Tammy is just showing off her poop or what; it is likely an average size for a 1. I hope this is just a phase that they are going through, although I have seen unflushed bowel movements in public toilets at the mall that obviously are from adults, but these are usually significant in size. I should mention that my husband and I have always flushed, even after urinating, and we have taught Jill to do that also, so this is why it is disturbing that now she isn't flushing many times either. The only time that we as parents have not flushed the toilet is if either he or I have clogged it due to an unsually large bowel movement or if we are concerned that it will clog if flushed. In those cases we mention to whoever is home not to flush the toilet. I don't know if Jill has taken a peek in the toilet under those circumstances, but she likely has probably out of curiosity. Any advise on this? Is this just a phase? Have other parents experienced similar situations with their kids not flushing after a bowel movement? Thanks for your help. Dave. Just wondering - - does anyone here get gas when they're hungry? I do all the time, and I find it quite weird. There's no smell to the gas, but I'm always farting until I eat. Mr. Clogs. Hello everyone, I've been busy but checkin' in on the posts. Hello to Carmelita and Cheryl, how are you ladies? Great posts as always ladies and hope to read more of them soon. This morning was an interesting one. To start off I woke up later than usual (kept hittting that snooze button too many times!) Anyways I had to get up to go to work and i needed to shower. Turn on the water lather up the soap and started to wash up. Midway through my shower I felt the need to take a dump. I really felt my belly rumbling and to the point of taking a dump in the tub! Luckly there was the metal pitcher in the sink cabinet and I quickly filled it water. Once I got it to a desired level, I put the pitcher up to my butt and let it rip. I took a dump in the pitcher while taking my shower, interesting isn't it (I kept the shower water running to muffle the snap and crackle of my farts). Once I was done pooping, I poured out the pitcher mixed with water and poop into the toilet and finished up my shower. After I dried up I brushed my teeth and flushed the mess down the drain. K.: nice post, it sucks working in an environment like that and have to literally tourcher yourself holding your pee. I have a question for you, lets say you answered the call of nature and didn't answer those stupid phones, what will happen to you if you didn't answer those phones and didn't stay at your post? Just wondering what will happen. Natsuko: Great response to Cute & Shy's post, indeed unhealthy practice, not to mention unconfortable. Atto R.: No never had that experience, i would like to, we should all be opened to the opposite sex and let them in their facination and curiousity how one uses the toilet. Yes I do keep one for nighttime pees. Sometimes if I'm too lazy to walk to the bathroom to use the toilet, I just grab my 2 litre 6" wide mouthed container and let it rip sometimes. Also it serves as a dual purpose container as well if you know what I'm sayin'. Well gotta go, catcha' later. Joshua. Does anyone have any good stories about hearing their parents or friends take a crap? Tia. I spent 4. 5 minutes in the bathroom today. It's been awhile since I've taken that long to crap. I sat down and peed for a little bit first. Then I took my pants and panties off and spread my legs apart. I squeezed to get things started. I heard some cracklings noises and then plop.... I looked between the legs and the bottom of the toilet was covered with 1. I could still feel some more poop in me so I pushed harder. I could feel the tip poking out so I pushed and grunted for a couple minutes. I looked between my legs and watched the piece slide silently into the water. For the next 2. 0 minutes I grunted and pushed out about 5 more pieces of poo. By this time,the bathroom had started to smell pretty bad but I still wasn't finished yet. I knew I would still be at least another 1. So I grabbed a book that was sitting on the bathroom counter and started to read it. As I was reading, I was straining hard to push out the rest of my poops. When I got bored of reading, I looked between my legs and saw a tiny piece of poo coming out. I grunted and shook the piece loose. During the last 5 minutes of my time spent in the bathroom, I pushed out 3 more smaller pieces. When I was finshed, I looked between my legs and saw 2. I wiped 3 times and then flushed. I felt very relieved after that crap. I was just about to get up when the hottest girl in our school sat down. Shes about 5'6", brown hair and eyes, nice body. I was amazed that she would even look at me let alone talk to me. By this time i had to go even more. I said hi back and she started a conversation with me. I was afraid that if i left so would she. So i sat there and held it. After about 1. 0min i felt like i was going to burst. She then asked me if I wanted to go see a movie with her. I said yes as calmly as i could. Then just as i handed her my phone number and she left i lept up and headed for the bathroom. I got freaked out because i thought i was going to lose it right there in front of her. Lucy Lu. To cute & shy. I have never been afraid to use public toilets. Holding it isnt right. Now have I seen dirty ones yes. Putting your bear but onto a nasty public toilet dose not seem clean to some people. Story- I was walking at Zellers when I slipped. I landed on my bum. The store manager asked if I needed an ambluance or something. I said uhh no. My bum was sore for 5 days and yesterday I got hit by a massave bm while walking at the grocery store. I didnt have much time. At home I used a puffed up toilet seet. I walked into the bathroom stall. I couldnt sit! the pain was overbaring. I sat down and screemed. A woman in the stall next to me asked if I was ok. I said yes but im bruised. I only had 1. 5 of my bm before I started sobbing. I stood up. Wiped my bum. Like my husband says be carful. Just wanted to let you all know that the weather has been really hot and Im drinking more... I love to hold my pee till I get home from work, slip out of my knickers and walk around my yard peeing.... I wait till its dark, go into my yard, slip the crotch of my knickers aside and open my legs and just piss on the grass.... Ive even got up early in the morning and taken my first piss of the day in the yard... I have a pot in my room, whch I can just use to piss in saves me getting out of bed.... I persuade my b/f to piss in the pot and sometimes he lets me hold his pee pee while he wees.... The Rat. I just cant use public toilets, no matter how desperate i am, when i get to the urinal i just lock up and cant pee, it's really irritating especially when i'm desperate! I can pretty much only go if i go into a single stall and calm myself down by humming or think about things that will distract me. · Exchange Previous Versions - Administration, Monitoring, and Performance http://social.technet.microsoft.com/Forums/exchange/en-US/12cc53cb-4fff-43a1-a6ff.How to fix a failed Exchange Server 2013 mailbox database content index for a server that is not a DAG member. · Hi, You need to have Exchange server permissions to add this configuration. See http:// Leif. In “HOW TO: Grant Full Mailbox Access permission“, we saw how to assign and view mailbox permissions, including Full Access. Here’s how you can get a list of. List mailboxes with Full Mailbox Access permission assigned. In “HOW TO: Grant Full Mailbox Access permission“, we saw how to assign and view mailbox permissions, including Full Access. Here’s how you can get a list of mailboxes with explicitly- assigned (i. Full Access permissions. You can specify a single mailbox and retrieve the permissions assigned on it by using the Get- Mailbox. Permission cmdlet. Alternatively, you can use the Get- Mailbox cmdlet to retrieve all or a subset of mailboxes, and then pipe the results to the Get- Mailbox. Permission cmdlet. Instead of running this against all mailboxes in the Organization, it makes sense to filter it against a sub- set of mailboxes. Filtering mailboxes returned by Get- Mailbox. Mailboxes returned by the Get- Mailbox command can be filtered using - Server, - Database, - Recipient. Type. Details, and - Organizational. Unit parameters. You can also use the - Filter parameter and specify an OPATH filter, which allows you to granularly filter the mailboxes that are returned by the Get- Mailbox cmdlet, based on a number of filterable properties. In this example, we use the - Server parameter to filter mailboxes on a particular server, and pipe it to the Get- Mailbox. Permission command: Get- Mailbox - Server “e. Get- Mailbox. Permission. This produces a long list of permissions – inherited and assigned explicitly to the mailbox(es). Let’s filter the above to reveal only the explicitly assigned permissions: Get- Mailbox - Server “e. Get- Mailbox. Permission | where { $_. Is. Inherited - eq $false }The output shows all explicitly- assigned permissions, including the permissions assigned to the mailbox owner (NT AUTHORITY\SELF). Not quite what we want! Let’s filter out permissions assigned to the mailbox owner: Get- Mailbox - Server “e. Get- Mailbox. Permission | where { ($_. Is. Inherited - eq $false) - and - not ($_. User - like “NT AUTHORITY\SELF”) }Now we have a list of all mailboxes with explicitly assigned permissions. We can filter this further to list only the ones that have Full Access permission assigned: Get- Mailbox - Server “e. Get- Mailbox. Permission | where { ($_. Access. Rights - eq “Full. Access”) - and ($_. Is. Inherited - eq $false) - and - not ($_. User - like “NT AUTHORITY\SELF”) }Similarly, you can filter users that have other mailbox permissions assigned: Send. As. Delete. Item. Read. Permission. Change. Permission. Change. Owner. External. Account. List users with Send. As permission assigned. The following code lists mailboxes with the Send. As permission assigned. Unlike the Full. Access mailbox permission, Send. As is an Active Directory permission. Use the Get- ADPermssion cmdlet to retrieve Active Directory Permisions. Get- Mailbox - Result. Size unlimited | Get- ADPermission | Where {$_. Extended. Rights - like “Send- As” - and $_. User - notlike “NT AUTHORIT\SELF” - and $_. Deny - eq $false} | ft Identity,User,Is. Inherited - Auto. Size. Tags Exchange 2. Mailbox Power. Shell Security. The PC Decrapifier will uninstall many of the common trialware and annoyances found on many of the PCs from big name OEMs. You get to see the list of items it detects. The Xbox is a home video game console and the first installment in the Xbox series of consoles manufactured by Microsoft. It was released on November 15, 2001 in. Buy PS4 console and get prepared for the most immersive gaming experience ever! Enjoy exclusive PlayStation 4 games and exciting PS4 features. Sign In to Another Xbox One Console. It's easy to access your game and console data that's saved to the cloud from another Xbox One console. You just have to sign in. Note If you don't remember the Microsoft account associated with your profile, see the Lost Account Solution. Video Games Atari's rumored new game console is PC-based. Atari's CEO Fred Chesnais says that the Ataribox game console is "based on PC technology.".If you don't remember the password associated with your profile, see the Lost Password Solution. To sign in to your account on a different Xbox One console, you first have to download your profile. Here’s how: Press the Xbox button to open the guide. Scroll down and select Add & manage. Select Add new. Note You won't be creating a new account when you select this option. You're just adding your existing profile to the Xbox One console. Type the email address or phone number you use to sign in to your Microsoft account. Enter your password. If you've forgotten it, select I forgot my password, and then follow the instructions to recover your account. Review the privacy statement summary, and then select Next. Select your Sign- in and security preferences. Note If this is not your console, you may want to select Lock it down to require a password to sign in. That way, if you want to leave your account on this console for future use, no one else will be able to use it. Check out how you look on Xbox, and then select Next. Choose your color, and then select Next. Note The preference that you're currently using at home appears with a checked box. Press the Xbox button to open the guide, and then select Home to return to the Home screen. Scroll left from Home, find and select your gamertag, and then select Sign in. When you're finished playing, if you haven't saved your password on this console, you can simply sign out. The next time that you use this console, you'll need to sign in with your Microsoft account credentials. Note If you don't expect to use this console again, you can remove your profile by following the steps at Remove an account from an Xbox One console. Fundamental interaction. In physics, the fundamental interactions, also known as fundamental forces, are the interactions that do not appear to be reducible to more basic interactions. There are four conventionally accepted fundamental interactions—gravitational, electromagnetic, strong nuclear, and weak nuclear. Each one is described mathematically as a field. The gravitational force is modelled as a continuous classical field. The other three, part of the Standard Model of particle physics, are described as discrete quantum fields, and their interactions are each carried by a quantum, an elementary particle. In his 1. 68. 7 theory, Isaac Newton postulated space as an infinite and unalterable physical structure existing before, within, and around all objects while their states and relations unfold at a constant pace everywhere, thus absolute space and time. Inferring that all objects bearing mass approach at a constant rate, but collide by impact proportional to their masses, Newton inferred that matter exhibits an attractive force. His law of universal gravitation mathematically stated it to span the entire universe instantly (despite absolute time), or, if not actually a force, to be instant interaction among all objects (despite absolute space.) As conventionally interpreted, Newton's theory of motion modelled a central force without a communicating medium. Thus Newton's theory violated the first principle of mechanical philosophy, as stated by Descartes, No action at a distance. Conversely, during the 1.
Michael Faraday inferred a field filling space and transmitting that force. Faraday conjectured that ultimately, all forces unified into one. In the early 1. 87. James Clerk Maxwell unified electricity and magnetism as effects of an electromagnetic field whose third consequence was light, travelling at constant speed in a vacuum. Introduction. Please note that most of these Brand Names are registered Trade Marks, Company Names or otherwise controlled and their inclusion in this index is. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. The electromagnetic field theory contradicted predictions of Newton's theory of motion, unless physical states of the luminiferous aether—presumed to fill all space whether within matter or in a vacuum and to manifest the electromagnetic field—aligned all phenomena and thereby held valid the Newtonian principle relativity or invariance. The exchange of bosons always carries energy and momentum between the fermions, thereby changing their speed and direction. The exchange may also transport a charge between the fermions, changing the charges of the fermions in the process (e. Since bosons carry one unit of angular momentum, the fermion's spin direction will flip from +? Planck's constant). Because an interaction results in fermions attracting and repelling each other, an older term for "interaction" is force. According to the present understanding, there are four fundamental interactions or forces: gravitation, electromagnetism, the weak interaction, and the strong interaction. Their magnitude and behaviour vary greatly, as described in the table below. Modern physics attempts to explain every observed physical phenomenon by these fundamental interactions. Moreover, reducing the number of different interaction types is seen as desirable. Two cases in point are the unification of. Electric and magnetic force into electromagnetism. The electromagnetic interaction and the weak interaction into the electroweak interaction; see below. Both magnitude ("relative strength") and "range", as given in the table, are meaningful only within a rather complex theoretical framework. It should also be noted that the table below lists properties of a conceptual scheme that is still the subject of ongoing research. Gravitation was the first interaction to be described mathematically. In ancient times, Aristotle hypothesized that objects of different masses fall at different rates. During the Scientific Revolution, Galileo Galilei experimentally determined that this was not the case — neglecting the friction due to air resistance, and buoyancy forces if an atmosphere is present (e. Earth at the same rate. Isaac Newton's law of Universal Gravitation (1. Our present- day understanding of gravitation stems from Albert Einstein's General Theory of Relativity of 1. Merging general relativity and quantum mechanics (or quantum field theory) into a more general theory of quantum gravity is an area of active research. It is hypothesized that gravitation is mediated by a massless spin- 2 particle called the graviton. The 1. 94. 7 discovery of the pion ushered in the modern era of particle physics. Hundreds of hadrons were discovered from the 1. Most notably. The pions were understood to be oscillations of vacuum condensates. Jun John Sakurai proposed the rho and omega vector bosons to be force carrying particles for approximate symmetries of isospin and hypercharge. Geoffrey Chew, Edward K. Burdett and Steven Frautschi grouped the heavier hadrons into families that could be understood as vibrational and rotational excitations of strings. While each of these approaches offered deep insights, no approach led directly to a fundamental theory. It'd Be Monumentally Stupid For Fiat Chrysler To Only Sell Off Jeep. If there’s ever been a consistent shining light in the Chrysler brand portfolio in modern years, it’s been Jeep. Recognized and admired worldwide, is one of the strongest brands in any industry. Cheap, reliable, practical, fun: for years we’ve been extolling the virtues of the Scion xB, the rolling box on wheels. Has the rest of the world finally caught on? Cordless Desktop Mx 5500 Revolution Manual Meat MincerCordless Desktop Mx 5500 Revolution Manual Meat GrindersTop VIdeos. Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /srv/users/serverpilot/apps/jujaitaly/public/index.php on line 447. Express Helpline- Get answer of your question fast from real experts. But for Fiat Chrysler to give up its star player to a Chinese automaker, as has been suggested by recent reports, would be a supremely boneheaded move. Good morning! Welcome to The Morning Shift, your roundup of the auto news you crave, all in one…Read more All of this feels familiar. In 1. 98. 6, Renault was looking to pull out of the U. S. market by selling American Motors Corporation to Chrysler. But, as Jason Vines and Joe Cappy write in their book The Last American CEO, there was a major sticking point in the negotiations, namely that Chrysler only wanted Jeep, and Renault wasn’t willing to part out AMC: In reality, Chrysler really was only interested in buying the Jeep brand, product line, manufacturing facilities, and engineering team — masters in the art of four- wheel drive. But it was obvious fairly early in discussions between the parties that the “just Jeep” position was a non- starter for Renault. To get Jeep, the French made clear, all of AMC was going to have to be part of the deal.In much the same way as Renault didn’t want to be left in the U. S. with a bunch of subpar brands with quality issues, Fiat Chrysler—particularly its American operations, FCA U. S. LLC—would find itself in a hell of a rut without Jeep. In 2. 01. 6, Jeep accounted for over 1 million of Fiat Chrysler’s approximately 2. U. S. and Canada, according to Good Car Bad Car—that’s about 4. And if you consider that more than 2. Jeep sales came from a simple, body- on- frame, solid- axle Jeep Wrangler whose profit margins are almost certainly through the roof (through the soft top?) because the platform and tooling are so old, you begin to understand how important Jeep is to FCA as a whole. For Fiat Chrysler to drop its gem would be to trade long- term opportunity for short- term cash. And while the company’s U. S. operations would still have the strong and profitable Ram brand, it would also be saddled with struggling Alfa Romeo, Fiat and Chrysler brands. And it would have the Dodge brand which, right now, is mostly made up of cars built on an L- Car platform from 2. SUV built in a Jeep plant. FCA would be left in the U. S. with, essentially: a bunch of pickup trucks at Ram, some pretty sports cars that have a tendency to break down at Alfa Romeo, an excellent minivan as part of a disappointing Not Really Luxury brand at Chrysler, a bunch of small, often crappy Fiats that nobody wants to buy, the aforementioned large cars on the old Daimler platform at Dodge, and maybe the Durango (and I’m not sure how that’d work if its Jefferson North Assembly Plant went to the Chinese company). That’s just not a comprehensive enough lineup, and on top of that, the brands aren’t well defined compared to GM, Volkswagen, Ford or pretty much every other major automaker, who all have clear brand hierarchies. And while there’s a chance that, with all the money from the sale, Fiat Chrysler U. S. LLC could make strategic investments to bolster the Ram and Dodge brands, and revive the ailing Chrysler brand, it seems like a hell of an uphill battle without perhaps their strongest warrior. Which is why possibly none of this matters, because I strongly doubt Fiat Chrysler will actually sell off Jeep by itself. For years now, FCA has been seeking a merger partner or a new parent company; someone to alleviate the debt and bring down cost overruns and to help with future- facing initiatives like autonomous vehicles and electrification. Selling Jeep, and only Jeep, would not fix any of those problems. It’d mean they’d lose their best and most valuable brand for some extra dough. It’s like selling a kidney because you’re short on this month’s rent. It’s a bad move. Then again, if Sergio Marchionne is as desperate as he seems, who knows. Strong interaction. In particle physics, the strong interaction is the mechanism responsible for the strong nuclear force (also called the strong force or nuclear strong force), and is one of the four known fundamental interactions, with the others being electromagnetism, the weak interaction and gravitation. At the range of 1. The strong nuclear force holds most ordinary matter together because it confines quarks into hadron particles such as proton and neutron. In addition, the strong force binds neutrons and protons to create atomic nuclei. Most of the mass of a common proton or neutron is the result of the strong force field energy; the individual quarks provide only about 1% of the mass of a proton. In particle physics, the strong interaction is the mechanism responsible for the strong nuclear force (also called the strong force or nuclear strong force), and is. Bestgore bloody raped pussy, download nd watch sex rape seen clip mp4, extreme pain forced anal ass porn videos, naked housewife forced hosed, gets cum inside, family. Usage Statistics for communitygaze.com Summary Period: March 2016 - Search String Generated 11-Sep-2017 02:09 PDT. Search files on torrent trackers without registration and rating. DownloadShield - best torrent search and download manager, Trusted and Highspeed Torrents download. The strong interaction is observable at two ranges: on a larger scale (about 1 to 3 femtometers (fm)), it is the force that binds protons and neutrons (nucleons) together to form the nucleus of an atom. On the smaller scale (less than about 0. In the latter context, it is often known as the color force. The strong force inherently has such a high strength that hadrons bound by the strong force can produce new massive particles. Thus, if hadrons are struck by high- energy particles, they give rise to new hadrons instead of emitting freely moving radiation (gluons). This property of the strong force is called color confinement, and it prevents the free "emission" of the strong force: instead, in practice, jets of massive particles are produced. The strong force is described by quantum chromodynamics (QCD), a part of the standard model of particle physics. Mathematically, QCD is a non- Abelian gauge theory based on a local (gauge) symmetry group called SU(3). Quarks and gluons are the only fundamental particles that carry non- vanishing color charge, and hence they participate in strong interactions only with each other. The strong force is the expression of the gluon interaction with other quark and gluon particles. All quarks and gluons in QCD interact with each other through the strong force. The strength of interaction is parametrized by the strong coupling constant. This strength is modified by the gauge color charge of the particle, a group theoretical property. Nuclear binding energy is the energy that would be required to disassemble the nucleus of an atom into its component parts. These component parts are neutrons and protons, which are collectively called nucleons. The binding energy of nuclei is due to the attractive forces that hold these nucleons together, and it is usually a positive number, since most nuclei would require the expenditure of energy to separate them into individual protons and neutrons. The mass of an atomic nucleus is usually less than the sum of the individual masses of the constituent protons and neutrons (according to Einstein's equation E=mc. The term nuclear binding energy may also refer to the energy balance in processes in which the nucleus splits into fragments composed of more than one nucleon. If new binding energy is available when light nuclei fuse, or when heavy nuclei split, either process can result in release of this binding energy. This energy may be made available as nuclear energy and can be used to produce electricity as in (nuclear power) or in a nuclear weapon. When a large nucleus splits into pieces, excess energy is emitted as photons (gamma rays) and as the kinetic energy of a number of different ejected particles (nuclear fission products). Mass defect (not to be confused with mass excess in nuclear physics) is the difference between the mass of a composite particle and the sum of the masses of its parts. The "mass defect" can be explained using Albert Einstein's formula E = m c. By this formula, adding energy also increases mass (both weight and inertia), whereas removing energy decreases mass. If a combination of particles contains extra energy—for instance, in a molecule of the explosive TNT—weighing it reveals some extra mass, compared to its end products after an explosion. The weighing must be done after the products have been stopped and cooled, however, as the extra mass must escape from the system as heat before its loss can be noticed, in theory.) On the other hand, if one must inject energy to separate a system of particles into its components, then the initial mass is less than that of the components after they are separated. In the latter case, the energy injected is "stored" as potential energy, which shows as the increased mass of the components that store it. This is an example of the fact that energy of all types is seen in systems as mass, since mass and energy are equivalent, and each is a "property" of the other. Modern chemistry laboratories operate with a wide range of software applications under different operating systems, such as Windows, LINUX or Mac OS X. Instead of.
Internet Archive Frequently Asked Questions. Can I upload live recordings that were broadcast on XM Radio or Sirius Satellite Radio? At this point in time, Archive. Subscribers have informed us that they were required to sign a "Terms of Use" document that forbids the recording/hosting/rebroadcasting of any material received from these services. Until we hear otherwise, these recordings cannot be hosted here. A recording I uploaded and marked 'no lossy formats' had them created (mp. How can I remove them? If you come across this situation and you are the uploader, click [edit], select the derivation option you prefer, and then 'Update'. You should see the message "Format Options Updated Successfully". Within 1. 0 minutes the system will create a "_rules. Then, the next time the system performs an automatic sweep looking for changes, it will notice the new rules file and remove the lossy files automatically. The sweep occurs approximately twice a day, so you should see the files removed within 1. If you are not the uploader, send us an email (etree at archive dot org) and an admin will remove them. How do I search for an artist by date of the concerts? As an example I'll search for Del Mc. Coury. start at https: //archive. Del Mc. Coury in the "Search this Collection" text field on the right side and hit return. I prefer list view so I click the icon (the four stacked horizontal lines) all the way on the right side of the "SORT BY" bar. And, I check the "SHOW DETAILS" box to show more information. Now I've got results for Del Mc. Coury in the Live Music Archive at https: //archive. Del%2. 0Mc. Coury. Now click the "DATE PUBLISHED" link in the "SORT BY" bar above the results. Now I've got them sorted by concert date from newest to oldest at https: //archive. Del+Mc. Coury& sort=- date. To reverse the order click the Up/Down arrows just to the left of the words "SORT BY in the "SORT BY" bar. Now they concert dates are from oldest to newest at https: //archive. Del+Mc. Coury& sort=date. Why is a . txt file required? The . txt file is used by the LMA collection to populate metadata in the item, especially the titles of tracks in the playlist. Please be sure it is a . Should I upload checksum files like MD5 or ftp? We no longer require nor desire checksum or fingerprint files. Often they cause problems when files are changed in the item. Systems have improved to the point where we no longer see checksums as necessary to verify accurate upload/download. Can I upload concert videos? At this time, video uploads are not being accepted, namely because most of the bands archived prohibit the video taping of their shows. Moreover, unlike audio, where we actually have a shot at archiving the vast majority of any given band's live concerts (in very high quality format), video is scarce and, unless made by the artist (in which case, it's typically for commercial purposes), is not of particularly good quality. There's no set list for this show, or, The set list does not match up with the number of files. Should I submit an error report? There has been an increasing number of shows uploaded to the Live Music collection without set list information, or the set list was not properly matched to the files. When you notice a recording like this, please email us (etree at this domain) only if you have an updated set list, or you are able to match the files up correctly. We would prefer that you do not submit error reports letting us know that there is no set list - tracking down set lists for every concert and matching them up to the recordings is a monumental task that has grown beyond the capabilities of the small group of Archive. We would like fans that are familiar with each artist's material to help us with this project - in your email, please give us specific instructions on what changes to make and we will do so. I'm an artist who would like to be included in the Archive, what do I need to do? We'd love to have you! Just write to us at etree at archive dot org in English giving some kind of permission for us to archive your shows for public download and noncommercial, royalty- free circulation. It does not need to be a formally worded declaration, and can come from anyone you feel has the "say- so." We just need to be clear on how you feel about the project. We will put relevant quotes onto a new "collection" page (examples) for your performances, along with a link to your official website. It is necessary for you to email us at etree at archive dot org in order to create a new section. We want to be sure that the go- ahead really is coming from you. Please do not attempt to create your own collection, or to upload any of the band's shows, in advance of receiving an emailed confirmation message from curators; such attempts may significantly complicate or delay the curators' setup process. You can give as much or as little scope for archiving as you like. Some bands place limits on what can be hosted, and we can accommodate those. Archive Curators, volunteer fans who have proven to be in line with the spirit of this archive, will attempt to screen contributions for OK'ed material only. At the same time you give the go- ahead, feel free to pass along any notes or policy links on your general taping/trading stance as well. You don't need to have a formal written or posted policy before inclusion, but we'd like to know how you feel about the topic. Besides fans sending their copies of your shows, you can also prepare and upload your own live recordings to the Archive, if you like. In fact, if you'd like to limit your material to selected contributions from you only, please just let us know. If you have any questions about the project, please ask us anytime at etree at archive dot org. I have a different source for a show that is already in the archive, should I upload it anyway? Yes! In keeping with the nature of this Archive, it is appropriate for multiple sources of the same show to be available for download. When you upload the new source, be sure to name the source in the show's top level folder to avoid confusion. Some bands do place limits on the types of sources allowed (such as soundboard recordings), so please check the policy for any given band. The progress of my upload says 'File metadata XML invalid. Waiting for user to correct.' How can I fix this? This is typically caused by illegal symbols being used somewhere in the information that was put into one of the forms submitted with the show (either the import form or "File Options"). Double check that the only characters used are those visible on a standard English- language 1. More information and a few examples are here. If you have trouble finding the cause, please post to the forum for help. An admin will have to resubmit the recording for another try, so please send an email including a link to the recording to etree AT archive DOT org if you believe you have cleared the issue. More information on what XML files are and how they are created can be read here. Can bands place restrictions on material to be archived? Yes. Each band can tailor the extent of their permission to the Archive. We quote the band's wishes in the Rights section of the band's Collection page. Here are some examples of special restrictions bands have requested. We point out different cases in a band's policy information using a shorthand "Limited Flag" tag. We have a contribution system set up to accommodate individual bands' requirements. During the upload process, contributors are urged to double check the band's policy notes at different stages. Archive Curators, volunteer fans who have proven to be in line with the spirit of this archive, will attempt to screen contributions for approved material only. In addition, access to a particular item can be removed if it becomes restricted later (for example, a date newly chosen for commercial release must be removed under some band's policies). Bands, please contact us at etree at archive dot org anytime to let us know how we can work with you to make things happen. Do you provide an RSS feed of new updates to the LMA? Indeed! The URL of the feed is http: //www. You can plug this into a front end like Ampheta. Desk (available at: http: //www. What does the 'Transferred by' field mean? This field indicates the person who did the original DAT/MD/Cassette to WAV conversion. Also, note that in the case of recordings made directly to laptops there is no transfer. Regarding removing the lossy files .. Free CSS | 2. 60. Free Website Templates, CSS Templates and Open Source Templates. Free CSS has 2. 60. HTML & CSS in its gallery. The HTML website templates that are showcased on Free CSS. We would personally like to thank all of the website template designers and developers for all of their hard work in creating these free website templates. Without them Free CSS would probably not exist. Edit Article wiki How to Add Music to PowerPoint. Three Methods: Playing a Single Song Playing Multiple Songs Using PowerPoint 2007 and 2003 Community Q&A. · Working in Microsoft Excel doesn't have to be a hassle. Here's how to eliminate five common. Latest trending topics being covered on ZDNet including Reviews, Tech Industry, Security, Hardware, Apple, and Windows.Carburizing and Carbonitriding - Springer. Carburizing is a heat treatment in which the carbon content of the surface of a low- carbon steel is increased through a diffusion process by exposure to an appropriate atmosphere in the austenitic condition, generally in the range of 8. C. After the diffusion process is completed, the carburized steel with a high- carbon surface layer (case) is hardened by quenching to form martensite and then subsequently tempered to relieve excessive residual stresses and optimize properties. The result is a useful combination of a high- hardness, wear- resistant case on the top of a low- hardness, high- toughness core. Carbonitriding is similar to carburizing in that carbon and nitrogen are simultaneously diffused into the surface of the austenitic steel. Carburizing Microstructures And Properties Download MusicFinkl Steel is the world's leading supplier of forging die steels, plastic mold steels, die casting tool steels and custom open-die forgings. The carbonitrided steel is then quenched to form a martensitic structure with a high surface hardness. Typically, carbonitriding is conducted at a lower temperature range (7. C) than is used for .. Welcome to Finkl Steel. Overview. Finkl Steel is the world's leading supplier of forging die steels, plastic. Finkl open die. forgings are produced at our fully integrated production facility in the heart of. Chicago's Near North Side. Our steel is distributed domestically and to more than. Carburizing Microstructures And Properties Download Minecraft
The list to the left displays the different type of processes we offer. Custom Forgings. Melting, forging, heat- treating and machining capability at Finkl Steel. Co. allows for a wide range of custom- forged products. Multi- diameter shafts, gear. Most popular carbon and alloy AISI/SAE grades such. F (Resulfurized), 4. Custom and specialized alloys can be considered for melting. Finkl is capable of. ASTM, API, ASME, ABS, AMS and. Military, as well as product- specific specifications. Full laboratory capability. Grade. AISI. Description. Low carbon (. 1. 8% C) and medium carbon (. C) and no alloy additions make these. Ease of machining, cold- forming, and welding make these grades popular for non- critical. Generally supplied as normalized, or normalized and tempered. Brinell Hardness. Chromium and molybdenum additions together with . Machinery parts and light duty gears are typical applications. May. be supplied in a wide range of heat- treating options and hardness. F. 4. 15. 0 Mod. Similar to grade 4. Sulfur is generally considered an impurity that degrades fracture strength. Resulfurized steel is economically. May be supplied in a wide range of heat- treating options. Nickel content (1. Appropriate heat treatment can provide excellent fracture toughness. May be. supplied in a wide range of heat- treating options and hardness. Low carbon (. 2. 0%), mildly alloyed with nickel, chromium and molybdenum to provide. Widely used for light- duty parts or as. May be supplied normalized, normalized and tempered or quenched and tempered to. Brinell Hardness. Cold Work. Cold working of metals is performed at or near room temperature so that the advantage. Additionally, metals “work. The appeal of cold forming, in addition to the obvious cost savings when no heating. And often just as important, the cold- worked metal part also. The disadvantage to this process is that extremely hard (6. Rockwell C), highly. With such. an emphasis on abrasion resistance, the high hardness die steels are generally very. The selection of cold working die steels offered by Finkl Steel. Grade. AISI. Description. Durodi. . Lower carbon (C . Suitable for mild cold- forming operations where die cracking. Oil hardening. DRX. S7. (AISI S7) Lower carbon (C . Shock" resistance. Air hardening. A2. A2. One of the most widely used cold- work tool steels. Moderate carbon (C 1. Air hardening. D2. D2. Higher carbon (C 1. Good Nitriding response. Air hardening. Forging Dies. Hammer Die Steels. The two essential properties that characterize die steel are hardness, for wear resistance, and fracture toughness, required for crack resistance. Both of these characteristics change with alloy composition and heat- treated condition of the die steel. In general, die steel compositions that focus on wear resistance by having high carbon and alloy together with a high hardness, are susceptible to cracking. Alternatively, die steel compositions with lower carbon and alloy, and heat treated to a softer, more ductile condition will favor crack resistance over wear characteristics. Finkl die steels span a full range of available alloy compositions and heat- treated properties that are available to our customers. Please consult with your Finkl representative for assistance in determining the proper combination of die alloy and heat treated condition for your application. Grade. AISIDescription. CX ™ High nickel (Ni 3%) provides this grade with superior fracture toughness, and makes it an excellent choice for dies that are prone to cracking due to little or no preheating, or situations where dies have a low operating temperature. CX is an excellent choice for holders, compression rings, or auxiliary parts that remain at room temperature but still have good ductility and fracture toughness. FX A moderate level of alloys nickel (Ni . Cr 1. 1. 5%) and molybdenum (Mo . Temper 2 hardness (3. HRC). However, the versatile heat- treating response of FX can target either high wear applications or fracture prone applications with appropriate tempering and hardness adjustments. Cuprodie 2 ® ™ Copper added to this grade acts as a natural lubricant during forging for improved metal flow and part release. The copper also contributes to machinability during die sinking. In some applications, forgings may be made without the need for additional lubrication due to a level of lubricity contributed by the copper in the die steel. Durodi ® Increased nickel (Ni 1. Mo . 7. 5%) give this grade additional depth- of- hardening and good impact resistance. Excellent for larger hammer dies, HERF equipment (Impacters, programmable hammers, counter- blow hammers) or wherever improved wear resistance is desired along with good impact strength. WF- XTRA ® Higher chromium (Cr 2. Mo 1. 0. 0%) improves heat and wear resistance, but with significantly better fracture toughness than the more highly alloyed AISI H- series steels. Excellent depth- of- hardening makes it especially suitable for larger blocks. Typically supplied in a pre- hardened condition. Press Die Steels. Mechanical and hydraulic presses are characterized by relatively longer dwell times between the dies and forging stock compared to the dwell times experienced in hammers, and this means higher heat transfer and die operating temperatures. For this reason, dies for presses are more highly alloyed than hammer dies, and are usually heat treated to higher hardness. Screw presses have very different characteristics than mechanical or hydraulic presses, and are actually closer to hammers in the types of die steels that are appropriate. The mechanical shock on the dies is controlled with a good degree of accuracy through programmed energy management techniques common to screw presses. This allows dies of higher hardness and alloy content to be used relative to hammer dies. This same comment may be applied to High Energy Rate Forging Machines (HERF), Impacters and programmable hammers. Grade. AISIDescription. FX A moderate level of alloys nickel (Ni . Cr 1. 1. 5%) and molybdenum (Mo . Temper 2 hardness (3. HRC). However, the versatile heat- treating response of FX can target either high wear applications or fracture prone applications with appropriate tempering adjustments. This grade is normally recommended for hammer application, but is suitable for presses, screw or mechanical, where production rates or lubrication practices result in lower die operating temperatures. Durodi ® Increased nickel (Ni 1. Mo . 8. 0%) give this grade additional depth- of- hardening and good impact resistance. Excellent for larger press dies, HERF equipment (Impacters, programmable hammers, counter- blow hammers) or wherever improved wear resistance is desired along with good impact strength. Recommended for large die blocks due to increased alloy content that provides good depth of hardening for better wear and fracture toughness at higher temperatures. WF- XTRA ® Ideally suited for larger dies requiring better heat and wear resistance than FX, but better fracture toughness than H series steels. Higher levels of chromium (Cr 2. Mo 1. 0. 0%) provide this grade with especially deep hardening characteristics and excellent heat resistance. Typically supplied in the heat- treated condition at Temper 1 (4. Rc) or Temper 2 (3. Rc) hardness. Shell. Die ®H- 1. 1 Mod. AISI H1. 1 steel modified with slightly higher Molybdenum (Mo 1. H1. 1 (Mo 1. 3. 5%). This is an excellent choice for a wide variety of press forging applications. Generally better fracture toughness but lower wear resistance than the high vanadium grade H1. Usually supplied annealed, to be vacuum furnace hardened after machining to Temper 1 (4. Rc) or Temper H (4. Rc). Shelle. X ™H- 1. Mod. AISI H- 1. 1 modified with more than twice the Molybdenum (Mo 3. H1. 1 (Mo 1. 3. 5%) for greatly improved heat resistance. Suitable for high production rates with minimal lubrication where die operating temperatures tend to higher levels. Usually supplied annealed, to be vacuum furnace hardened after machining to Temper 1 (4. Rc) or Temper H (4. Rc). DC (VAD) and DC- XTRA(VAD+VAR) ™H- 1. AISI H1. 3. Vanadium content of 1. Popular choice for press die inserts. The DC- Xtra is remelted in the VAR to provide added thermal fatigue resistance and improved fracture toughness. |
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